Use of There & It

                               USE OF There

'There'  is used to introduce a person or thing. So it is called introductory there.
Formation of sentence: There + be verb + subject +place.

        Ex: There is a book on the table. There are many books on the table. There was a book on the table. There were many books on the table. There will be many people in the meeting.

There does not take any particular be verb. Verb follows the subject. And after the subject comes place.

In negative sentence only 'not / no' is used after be verbs. Ex: There is no book on the table. There was no one present in the meeting. There are not many good  boys in the class.

Interrogative sentence: Be verb + there+ subject ? Ex: Is there any school in your village? Are there many students in the class?  Is not there a pen in the drawer? Was not there a man standing at the gate?

There as an adverb: 'There' is also used as an adverb when it qualifies a verb to say position.
Ex: I saw a girl there. I have gone there. He will be there to receive you. The books are there on the self.

        PREPARATORY IT

When there is no definite subject, it is used to introduce the sentence. So it is called PREPARATORY IT.

Sentence formation: It + be verb + subject + remaining part of the sentence.
It is Sunday today. It is 5 pm then. It is winter now. It has been raining for two hours. It is fine bright morning.  ( to mean weather and time).

It is very difficult for me to overcome this problem. It is a very nice place to live in. It is not a safe place. It is easy to say but hard to do. It is good to walk in the early morning. It is my duty to look after him. It was his fault to turn on the fan. ( to mean condition, situation, obligation).

It is Mr. Sen who came to visit you this morning. It is he who has broken the glass. It was 12 am when the robbers broke into the house. It is my friends who help me in my need. ( to emphasize a person or thing).

Negative sentence: Only no/ not is used after be verbs. Ex: it is not good to waste time. It is of no use to go there. It is not a nice weather to go outing. It will not be just to call him now.

INTERROGATIVE SENTENCE: Be verb + it +subject?
Ex: Is it a work of Rabindranath? Was it a very good place? Is it not suitable? Will it be a great idea to buy a new mobile phone?

IT + BE VERB + TIME +PAST TENSE.
It is five years we went to Kolkata. It is six weeks he went missing.